無錫市第四屆翻譯比賽決賽試題及參考答案（本科組）

一、英譯中

【試題】1. Thomas Edison

   People often said Thomas Edison was the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be pleased only because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such a thing as genius,” Edison said. He thought what people called genius was mostly hard work.

    But Edison was a thinker as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. He tried to understand them, and then he tried to learn what he could usefully do with them.

    Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people would do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking could give men enjoyment and pleasure.

【參考答案】托馬斯.愛迪生

      人們常說托馬斯.愛迪生是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最偉大的天才，世界上第一盞可供日常使用的電燈就是他發(fā)明的。在整個(gè)人類歷史上能像發(fā)明家愛迪生那樣改變并造福他人生活的人可謂廖若晨星。可就是因?yàn)橛腥朔Q他為天才，愛迪生頗感不悅。他說，“什么天才不天才，沒有的事?！彼J(rèn)為天才即勤奮。

      愛迪生善于動(dòng)腦，也勤于動(dòng)手。早在孩提時(shí)期他就對自然界充滿好奇，他努力嘗試去解開其中的奧秘，進(jìn)而探索如何利用它們服務(wù)人類。

      愛迪生樂于思考。他清楚思考是個(gè)艱苦的過程，因而大多數(shù)人——特別是那些無思考習(xí)慣的人——對此望而卻步。但愛迪生也知道思考能給愛迪生帶來愉悅和享受。（然而對愛迪生而言，思考卻是一種愉悅的享受。）

【試題】2

    Competitions like these are always alarming for adult onlookers. They are especially alarming for the parents and teachers of the children taking part； because we all know that when you name a winner, you are also saying that the other competitors have not won, indeed that they have lost. This is terribly painful——for our beloved children above all, but also for the adults who care for them.

    Coming first in a competition like this is wonderful, of course. But just getting here at all is an astonishing achievement. Let us be clear: the children who have come so far in this competition are all winners. Every finalist has competed and won against a quarter of a million other contestants. If that is not “winning”, in the simplest possible sense, I don’t know what is! All the children we have heard today speak English brilliantly, and they are all star-performers. When the standard is so very high, it’s fair to say that the winner in each section has succeeded, not because their English is any better than those who came second, or that they are even more charming than the other contestants, but because they slept well on the night before the competition, or that they have a temperament that enjoys this kind of event. Simply, the winners are those children who felt well in their own skin when they stood up in front of the judges this week.

【參考答案】

      成人在觀摩這樣的比賽時(shí)總會(huì)感到有些擔(dān)驚受怕，若在參賽選手中有自己的孩子或?qū)W生，他們更會(huì)緊張得似心跳進(jìn)了嗓子眼里。這也難怪，因?yàn)槊繄霰荣愔荒苡幸蝗藙俪龅玫谝?，而一?jīng)確定某人為第一——這可是十分痛苦的抉擇——其他選手就都失敗了，而失敗就等同于敗。這樣的結(jié)果首先對那些可愛的孩子們，其次也對深愛著他們的師長們都是不堪承受的打擊。

      能在這種比賽中博得頭籌固然風(fēng)光無限，可喜可賀，而只要能入圍總決賽也就是取得了難以比肩的驕人成績。我們應(yīng)這樣看：參加今天比賽的孩子們都是贏者，他們中間沒有失敗者。此前，他們各自一路過關(guān)斬將，突破重重困難方能從25萬選手中脫穎而出。如這樣還不算“贏”，即究竟要怎樣才能算“贏”呢？這不是很明白的事嗎？在場各位都聽到了，也都看到了，孩子們不僅英語說得棒，才藝表演也精彩，個(gè)個(gè)都是明星的范兒。憑心而論，在比賽標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定得如此之高的情況下，能贏得第一的孩子并非是其英語水平更勝一籌，也不是其相貌氣質(zhì)更惹人喜愛。原因倒可能是他們在賽前睡了個(gè)好覺，養(yǎng)足了精神；或者竟是他們的稟賦使然，天性喜好這種競賽，樂在其中?？傊切┰诒局苤刑┤幻鎸υu委，臨場不怯，應(yīng)對自如，最終奪冠的就是這樣的孩子。

二、中譯英。（考生從下面兩段中自主選擇一段作答即可）

【試題】1.眾所周知，我們現(xiàn)在身處危機(jī)之中。我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)嚴(yán)重衰退，這不僅僅歸咎于部分人的貪婪和不負(fù)責(zé)任，更是由于我們作為一個(gè)整體未能在艱難時(shí)刻做出抉擇，未能為國家走進(jìn)新時(shí)代做好準(zhǔn)備。如今，房產(chǎn)不保，職位銳減，企業(yè)倒閉，醫(yī)療成本飛漲，教育狀況令人堪憂。這些都是危機(jī)的跡象，可從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中顯示出來。然而，更加難以度量但同樣嚴(yán)重的，是這片土地上人們信心的動(dòng)搖以及人們揮之不去的恐懼心理——認(rèn)為美國的衰落不可避免，擔(dān)心下一代人必須降低對生活的期望。

【參考答案】That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost, jobs shed, businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly, our schools fail too many. These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable, but no less profound, is a snapping of confidence across our land; a nagging fear that America's  decline is inevitable, that the next generation must lower its sights.

【試題】2.我們要堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境，著力提高資源利用效率和應(yīng)對氣候變化能力。節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的基本國策。我們必須加快構(gòu)建有利于節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式和消費(fèi)模式，促進(jìn)人與自然的和諧統(tǒng)一。我們將進(jìn)一步完善法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)化目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核，推動(dòng)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，全面推進(jìn)節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，加強(qiáng)對各種自然資源的節(jié)約和管理，加強(qiáng)綜合治理，保護(hù)與修復(fù)生態(tài)。

【參考答案】We will continue to conserve resources and protect the environment, and raise the efficiency in resources utilization and capacity in tackling climate change. To conserve resources and protect the environment is China's basic state policy. We must accelerate the formation of an industrial structure, production model and consumption pattern that are conductive to energy and resources conservation and eco-protection to promote harmony between man and nature. We will further improve laws and standards, strengthen accountability evaluation in meeting environmental targets, and advance the development of circular economy. We will make all-round efforts to save energy, water, land and materials and make comprehensive of all kinds of resources, enhance the conservation and management of all natural resources, and take a holistic approach to protect and repair the eco-environment.

         無錫市第四屆翻譯比賽決賽試題及參考答案（專科組）

一、英譯中

【試題】1. Thomas Edison

   People often said Thomas Edison was the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be pleased only because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such a thing as genius,” Edison said. He thought what people called genius was mostly hard work.

   But Edison was a thinker as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. He tried to understand them, and then he tried to learn what he could usefully do with them.

   Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people would do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking could give men enjoyment and pleasure.

【參考答案】托馬斯•愛迪生

      人們常說托馬斯.愛迪生是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最偉大的天才，世界上第一盞可供日常使用的電燈就是他發(fā)明的。在整個(gè)人類歷史上能像發(fā)明家愛迪生那樣改變并造福他人生活的人可謂廖若晨星?？删褪且?yàn)橛腥朔Q他為天才，愛迪生頗感不悅。他說，“什么天才不天才，沒有的事?！彼J(rèn)為天才即勤奮。

      愛迪生善于動(dòng)腦，也勤于動(dòng)手。早在孩提時(shí)期他就對自然界充滿好奇，他努力嘗試去解開其中的奧秘，進(jìn)而探索如何利用它們服務(wù)人類。

      愛迪生樂于思考。他清楚思考是個(gè)艱苦的過程，因而大多數(shù)人——特別是那些無思考習(xí)慣的人——對此望而卻步。但愛迪生也知道思考能給愛迪生帶來愉悅和享受。（然而對愛迪生而言，思考卻是一種愉悅的享受。）

【試題】2. Children Are Natural Scientists

    Children are natural scientists, very interested in the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy. There’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or modern labs. You only have to share your children’s interests.

    Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-old children to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, the money I got and whether I liked my job .When I finished answering, we sat facing each other silently. Finally I said, “Now that we’ve finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

   After a long wait, a boy put up his hand, “Have you ever seen a rabbit eat? When I try eating grass like that, I get ill. Why?” This began a lot of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, many teachers usually wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When teachers increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give better answers.

Lastly, show, don’t tell. Let children look at their hands through a microscope, and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.

【參考答案】孩子天**科學(xué)

      孩童有喜好科學(xué)的本性，他們對周遭萬物充滿好奇。因此，你不必搬出繁多的術(shù)語，也無需備有現(xiàn)代化的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，而只要參與到他們的興趣中去，你就能輕而易舉地引領(lǐng)他們學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)并愛上科學(xué)。

      首先，傾聽他們的提問。我曾經(jīng)擁有的一份工作是給某校一個(gè)7歲孩童的班級(jí)談科學(xué)。課上，孩子們詢問我上過什么學(xué)，收入有多少，對現(xiàn)有工作是否滿意等事情，都是些他們那個(gè)年齡的孩童可能提出的“經(jīng)典”問題。我一一作答，教室歸于安靜。我們坐在那兒，沉默地相互對望著。臨了，我對他們說：“有關(guān)我的一些事，我們都已經(jīng)談完了。而有關(guān)科學(xué)方面大家有什么問題嗎？”

      過了好一會(huì)，一男孩舉手問道：“你見過兔子吃東西嗎？我也試著像兔子那樣吃草后卻生病了，這是為什么呢？”他這一問引出了一連串的問題，過了近2個(gè)小時(shí)才結(jié)束。

      其次，留時(shí)間讓他們思考。30余年的研究表明許多老師提出問題后通常只等1秒鐘甚至更短的時(shí)間就要學(xué)生作答，這未免太短促了些，因孩子們來不及思考；當(dāng)把這“等候時(shí)間”延長至3秒或3秒以上，孩子們有了較充裕的思考時(shí)間，給出的答案就更圓滿。

      最后，講解不如演示奏效。讓孩子們通過顯微鏡觀察自己的雙手，他們馬上就會(huì)明白為什么要求他們餐前洗手了。

二、中譯英（考生從下面兩段中自主選擇一段作答即可）

【試題】1.眾所周知，我們現(xiàn)在身處危機(jī)之中。我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)嚴(yán)重衰退，這不僅僅歸咎于部分人的貪婪和不負(fù)責(zé)任，更是由于我們作為一個(gè)整體未能在艱難時(shí)刻做出抉擇，未能為國家走進(jìn)新時(shí)代做好準(zhǔn)備。如今，房產(chǎn)不保，職位銳減，企業(yè)倒閉，醫(yī)療成本飛漲，教育狀況令人堪憂。這些都是危機(jī)的跡象，可從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中顯示出來。然而，更加難以度量但同樣嚴(yán)重的，是這片土地上人們信心的動(dòng)搖以及人們揮之不去的恐懼心理——認(rèn)為美國的衰落不可避免，擔(dān)心下一代人必須降低對生活的期望。

【參考答案】That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost, jobs shed, businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly, our schools fail too many. These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable, but no less profound, is a snapping of confidence across our land; a nagging fear that America's  decline is inevitable, that the next generation must lower its sights.

【試題】2.我們要堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境，著力提高資源利用效率和應(yīng)對氣候變化能力。節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的基本國策。我們必須加快構(gòu)建有利于節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式和消費(fèi)模式，促進(jìn)人與自然的和諧統(tǒng)一。我們將進(jìn)一步完善法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)化目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核，推動(dòng)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，全面推進(jìn)節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，加強(qiáng)對各種自然資源的節(jié)約和管理，加強(qiáng)綜合治理，保護(hù)與修復(fù)生態(tài)。

【參考答案】We will continue to conserve resources and protect the environment, and raise the efficiency in resources utilization and capacity in tackling climate change. To conserve resources and protect the environment is China's basic state policy. We must accelerate the formation of an industrial structure, production model and consumption pattern that are conductive to energy and resources conservation and eco-protection to promote harmony between man and nature. We will further improve laws and standards, strengthen accountability evaluation in meeting environmental targets, and advance the development of circular economy. We will make all-round efforts to save energy, water, land and materials and make comprehensive of all kinds of resources, enhance the conservation and management of all natural resources, and take a holistic approach to protect and repair the eco-environment.